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New Hampshire Recording Laws (2026): All-Party Consent Rules

New Hampshire Recording Laws (2026): All-Party Consent Rules

Frequently Asked Questions

Is New Hampshire a one-party consent state?

No. New Hampshire is an all-party consent state under RSA 570-A:2. Every person in the conversation must consent before any recording is made. Willfully recording without all-party consent is a Class B felony under RSA 570-A:2, I, whether you are a third party or a participant; a participant who records only knowingly, not willfully, faces the lesser Class B misdemeanor under RSA 570-A:2, I-a.

Can I record my own phone call in New Hampshire?

Not without the consent of everyone on the call. If you record only knowingly, not willfully, without all-party consent, RSA 570-A:2, I-a makes it a Class B misdemeanor (no jail; maximum $1,200 fine), which the State may elect to charge as a Class A misdemeanor (up to 1 year and a $2,000 fine) by notice before arraignment. A deliberate, willful recording without consent is still exposed to the Class B felony under RSA 570-A:2, I, the same as a third-party eavesdropper. Either way, it is illegal.

Is secretly recording someone a felony in New Hampshire?

It depends on your mental state, not on whether you are part of the conversation. Willfully intercepting a communication without all-party consent is a Class B felony under RSA 570-A:2, I, carrying up to 7 years in prison and a $4,000 fine, whether you are a third party or a participant. Only a participant who records merely knowingly, not willfully, gets the lesser Class B misdemeanor under RSA 570-A:2, I-a.

What can I sue for if someone illegally recorded me in New Hampshire?

Under RSA 570-A:11, you may recover the greater of $100 per day of the violation or $1,000, plus actual damages if they exceed that amount, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney fees. A civil suit may proceed whether or not criminal charges were filed.

Are Ring doorbells and nanny cams legal in New Hampshire?

Silent video recording on your own property is generally permitted. Once a camera captures audio, the all-party consent requirement of RSA 570-A:2 applies. Cameras pointed at areas where others have a reasonable expectation of privacy (such as restrooms or bedrooms) are prohibited under RSA 644:9 regardless of audio, and a first offense is a Class A misdemeanor.

Can I record my boss or an HR meeting in New Hampshire?

Not without consent from everyone present. New Hampshire has no employer monitoring exception for employees, and RSA 570-A:2 applies to workplace conversations. Recording an HR meeting you are part of without all-party consent is a Class B misdemeanor if done only knowingly, but a willful, deliberate secret recording exposes you to the same Class B felony a third party would face. Employers who record employees without consent also violate RSA 570-A:2 and face NLRB scrutiny under Stericycle (372 NLRB No. 113, 2023).

Can I record the police in New Hampshire?

Yes, in public. The First Circuit held in Glik v. Cunniffe (2011) that the First Amendment protects recording police performing duties in public, binding NH federal courts. New Hampshire's Right-to-Know Law (RSA 91-A:2) explicitly allows recording at public meetings of government bodies. For state criminal purposes, RSA 570-A still applies, though officers on public duty in public spaces generally lack a reasonable expectation of privacy.

Are secretly recorded conversations admissible in court in New Hampshire?

It depends on the tier of violation. After State v. Clark (2024 N.H. 64), suppression under RSA 570-A:6 is required only for felony violations (willful interceptions under RSA 570-A:2, I, whether or not by a party). A recording that constitutes only a misdemeanor under RSA 570-A:2, I-a is not subject to automatic suppression and may be admitted as evidence.

Updates

Corrected the felony/misdemeanor rule for New Hampshire recording: RSA 570-A:2 draws the line by mental state (willful vs. knowing), not by whether you are a party to the conversation, so a participant who willfully records without consent faces the same Class B felony as a third-party eavesdropper. Also clarified that RSA 644:9's hidden-camera penalty can reach a Class A felony for a repeat offense against a minor victim.

Independently fact-checked against the cited primary sources; governing law re-checked for recent changes

Governing law re-checked for recent changes

Governing law re-checked for recent changes

Reviewed and approved by an editor

Restructured to new template spec: AEO lede, at-a-glance table, per-section flow (in-person/phone/hidden cameras/penalties/police), condensed special topics (workplace, HIPAA, FERPA, TCPA/FCC, interstate), updated Recent Developments with HB 1508 ITL (18-0, Feb 3 2026) and RSA 644:9-a synthetic-image effective date (Jan 1 2025). All primary facts re-verified against gc.nh.gov statutes and courts.nh.gov case PDFs. No factual corrections required.

Refreshed with State v. Clark (2024 N.H. 64, Nov. 13, 2024) and State v. Hersom (No. 2023-0352, Jan. 24, 2025); added HB 1508 and LSR 1242 pending legislation; corrected RSA 570-A:2, I-a civilian participant-misdemeanor framing throughout; added federal overlay (FCC, NLRB, CFPB, HIPAA, FERPA) and video-only analysis.

Added wearable recording devices section and 2 FAQs

The Law Behind This Article

This article rests on 9 statutory provisions held in our own legal record, each retrieved from the official source. Tap a section to read the operative text.

Code of Federal Regulations Title 45

§ 164.508Uses and disclosures for which an authorization is required.In forcecited in 9 of our articles
(a) Standard: Authorizations for uses and disclosures —(1) Authorization required: General rule. Except as otherwise permitted or required by this subchapter, a covered entity may not use or disclose protected health information without an authorization that is valid under this section. When a covered entity obtains or receives a valid authorization for its use or disclosure of protected health information, such use or disclosure must be consistent with such authorization. (2) Authorization required: Psychotherapy notes.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-28 · Read the full section at ecfr.gov

Cited in 199 court opinions2000s: 412010s: 862020s: 72Most recently applied by a court: 2026

Leading cases: Glen Murphy v. Aldolfo C. Dulay (Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit 2014, 768 F.3d 1360) · Kenneth Wilson v. UnitedHealthcare Insurance Co (Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit 2022, 27 F.4th 228) · United States v. Deleon (District Court, D. New Mexico 2018, 323 F. Supp. 3d 1273)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: Alaska Medical Recording Laws: Patient Rights, HIPAA, and One-Party Consent (2026), Arkansas Medical Recording Laws: Patient Rights, HIPAA, and One-Party Consent (2026), Delaware Medical Recording Laws: Patient Rights, HIPAA, and Consent Rules (2026)

United States Code Title 18

§ 2511Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or electronic communications prohibitedIn forcecited in 397 of our articles
Except as otherwise specifically provided in this chapter any person who— intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept, or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept, any wire, oral, or electronic communication; intentionally uses, endeavors to use, or procures any other person to use or endeavor to use any electronic, mechanical, or other device to intercept any oral communication when— such device is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a signal through, a wire, cable, or other like connection used in wire communication; or such device transmits communications by radio, or interferes with the transmission of such communication; or such person knows, or has reason to know, that such device or any component thereof has been sent through the mail or transported in interstate or foreign commerce; or such use or endeavor to use (A) takes place on the premises of any business or other commercial establishment the operations of which affect interstate or foreign commerce; or (B) obtains or is for the purpose of obtaining information relating to the operations of any business or other commercial establishment the operations of which affect interstate or foreign…

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-08-12 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov

Cited in 2,045 court opinions1960s: 51970s: 2581980s: 2991990s: 3792000s: 4272010s: 2972020s: 380Most recently applied by a court: 2026

Leading cases: Mitchell v. Forsyth (Supreme Court of the United States 1985, 472 U.S. 511) · United States v. United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan (Supreme Court of the United States 1972, 407 U.S. 297) · Forsyth v. Barr (Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 1994, 19 F.3d 1527)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: US Recording Laws by State (2026): All 50 States Explained, Alabama Audio Recording Laws: Consent Rules and Penalties, Alabama Dashcam Laws: Legality, Mounting Rules, and Evidence Use

United States Code Title 20

§ 1232gFamily educational and privacy rightsIn forcecited in 29 of our articles
No funds shall be made available under any applicable program to any educational agency or institution which has a policy of denying, or which effectively prevents, the parents of students who are or have been in attendance at a school of such agency or at such institution, as the case may be, the right to inspect and review the education records of their children. If any material or document in the education record of a student includes information on more than one student, the parents of one of such students shall have the right to inspect and review only such part of such material or document as relates to such student or to be informed of the specific information contained in such part of such material. Each educational agency or institution shall establish appropriate procedures for the granting of a request by parents for access to the education records of their children within a reasonable period of time, but in no case more than forty-five days after the request has been made.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-28 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov

Cited in 981 court opinions1970s: 251980s: 491990s: 1242000s: 2432010s: 2072020s: 333Most recently applied by a court: 2026

Leading cases: Goss v. Lopez (Supreme Court of the United States 1975, 419 U.S. 565) · Gonzaga University v. Doe (Supreme Court of the United States 2002, 536 U.S. 273) · Foster Children v. Jeb Bush, Kathleen Kearney, Chuck Bates, Robert Williams, Ester Tibbs (Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit 2003, 329 F.3d 1255)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: Alaska School Recording Laws: Student Privacy, FERPA, and Classroom Rules (2026), Arkansas School Recording Laws: Student Privacy, FERPA, and Classroom Rules (2026), DC School Recording Laws: Student Privacy, FERPA, and Classroom Rules (2026)

United States Code Title 42

§ 1983Civil action for deprivation of rightsIn forcecited in 48 of our articles
Every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress, except that in any action brought against a judicial officer for an act or omission taken in such officer’s judicial capacity, injunctive relief shall not be granted unless a declaratory decree was violated or declaratory relief was unavailable. For the purposes of this section, any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-28 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov

Cited in 282,365 court opinions1950s: 1421960s: 11101970s: 78711980s: 187471990s: 371572000s: 376252010s: 455932020s: 134120Most recently applied by a court: 2026

Leading cases: Ashcroft v. Iqbal (Supreme Court of the United States 2009, 556 U.S. 662) · Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, Administratrix of the Estate of Catrett (Supreme Court of the United States 1986, 477 U.S. 317) · Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Servs. (Supreme Court of the United States 1978, 436 U.S. 658)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: Alabama Laws on Recording Police: Your Rights and Limits, Idaho Laws on Recording Police: Your Rights and Limitations (2026), South Dakota Laws on Recording Police

United States Code Title 47

§ 227Restrictions on use of telephone equipmentIn forcecited in 36 of our articles
As used in this section— The term “automatic telephone dialing system” means equipment which has the capacity— to store or produce telephone numbers to be called, using a random or sequential number generator; and to dial such numbers. The term “established business relationship”, for purposes only of subsection (b)(1)(C)(i), shall have the meaning given the term in section 64.1200 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on January 1, 2003, except that— such term shall include a relationship between a person or entity and a business subscriber subject to the same terms applicable under such section to a relationship between a person or entity and a residential subscriber; and an established business relationship shall be subject to any time limitation established pursuant to paragraph (2)(G)).1  So in original. Second closing parenthesis probably should not appear.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-28 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov

Cited in 3,209 court opinions1990s: 372000s: 3082010s: 11342020s: 1730Most recently applied by a court: 2026

Leading cases: Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez (Supreme Court of the United States 2016, 577 U.S. 153) · Auto-Owners Insurance Company v. Stevens & Ricci Inc (Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit 2016, 835 F.3d 388) · Facebook, Inc. v. Duguid (Supreme Court of the United States 2021, 592 U.S. 395)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: Massachusetts Recording Laws (2026): Two-Party Consent Rules, California Recording Laws (2026): All-Party Consent Rules, Connecticut Recording Laws (2026): Hybrid Consent Rules Explained

New Hampshire Revised Statutes Annotated, TITLE LVIII PUBLIC JUSTICE, CHAPTER 570-A WIRETAPPING AND EAVESDROPPING

§ 570-A:1Definitions.In forcecited in 11 of our articles
As used in this chapter: I. "Telecommunication" means the transfer of any form of information in whole or in part through the facilities of a communications common carrier. "Telecommunication" does not include any communication made through a tone-only paging system or from a tracking device. II. "Oral communication" means any verbal communication uttered by a person who has a reasonable expectation that the communication is not subject to interception, under circumstances justifying such expectation. III. "Intercept" means the aural or other acquisition of, or the recording of, the contents of any telecommunication or oral communication through the use of any electronic, mechanical, or other device. IV.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at gc.nh.gov

Cited in 12 court opinions1970s: 11980s: 01990s: 22000s: 22010s: 22020s: 5Most recently applied by a court: 2025

Leading cases: State v. Lamontagne (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1992, 136 N.H. 575) · State v. Lott (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 2005, 152 N.H. 436) · State v. MacMillan (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 2005, 152 N.H. 67)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: New Hampshire Audio Recording Laws, New Hampshire Dashcam Laws, New Hampshire Phone Call Recording Laws

§ 570-A:11Recovery of Civil Damages Authorized.In forcecited in 14 of our articles
Any person whose telecommunication or oral communication is intercepted, disclosed, or used in violation of this chapter shall have a civil cause of action against any person who intercepts, discloses, or uses, or procures any other person to intercept, disclose or use such communications, and be entitled to recover from any such person: (a) actual damages but not less than liquidated damages computed at the rate of $100 a day for each day of violation or $1,000, whichever is higher; (b) punitive damages; and (c) a reasonable attorney's fee and other litigation costs reasonably incurred. Good faith reliance on a court order or on a representation made by the attorney general, deputy attorney general or a county attorney shall constitute a complete defense to any civil or criminal action brought under this chapter.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at gc.nh.gov

Cited in 6 court opinions1990s: 12000s: 02010s: 32020s: 2Most recently applied by a court: 2021

Leading cases: Karen Warrington, individually, and as m/n/f of J.W. v. P John Edward Warrington (District Court, D. New Hampshire 2021, 2021 DNH 070) · Sanjeev Lath v. Oak Brook Condominium Owners’ Association, Gerard Dufresne, and Betty Mullen (District Court, D. New Hampshire 2018, 2018 DNH 013) · Lath v. Manchester PD, et al. (District Court, D. New Hampshire 2017, 2017 DNH 164)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: New Hampshire School Recording Laws, New Hampshire Video Recording Laws, New Hampshire Smart Glasses Recording Laws (2026)

§ 570-A:2Interception and Disclosure of Telecommunication or Oral Communications Prohibited.In forcecited in 21 of our articles
I. A person is guilty of a class B felony if, except as otherwise specifically provided in this chapter or without the consent of all parties to the communication, the person: (a) Wilfully intercepts, endeavors to intercept, or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept, any telecommunication or oral communication; (b) Wilfully uses, endeavors to use, or procures any other person to use or endeavor to use any electronic, mechanical, or other device to intercept any oral communication when: (1) Such device is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a signal through, a wire, cable, or other like connection used in telecommunication, or (2) Such device transmits communications by radio, or interferes with the transmission of such communication, or (3) Such use or endeavor to use (A) takes place on premises of any business or other commercial establishment, or (B) obtains or is for the purpose of obtaining information relating to the operations of any business or other commercial establishment; or (c) Wilfully discloses, or endeavors to disclose, to any other person the contents of any telecommunication or oral communication, knowing or having reason to know that…

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at gc.nh.gov

Cited in 35 court opinions1980s: 61990s: 62000s: 52010s: 122020s: 6Most recently applied by a court: 2025

Leading cases: State v. Kilgus (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1986, 128 N.H. 577) · Fischer v. Hooper (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1999, 143 N.H. 585) · State of New Hampshire v. Adam Mueller (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 2014, 166 N.H. 65)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Also relied on in: New Hampshire Ring Doorbell Laws: What You Need to Know in 2026

§ 570-A:6Prohibition of Use as Evidence of Intercepted Telecommunications or Oral Communications.In forcecited in 7 of our articles
Whenever any telecommunication or oral communication has been intercepted, no part of the contents of such communication and no evidence derived therefrom may be received in evidence in any trial, hearing, or other proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, department, officer, agency, regulatory body, legislative committee, or other authority of the state, or a political subdivision thereof, if the disclosure of that information would be in violation of this chapter.

Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at gc.nh.gov

Cited in 16 court opinions1980s: 21990s: 32000s: 22010s: 32020s: 6Most recently applied by a court: 2025

Leading cases: State v. McLeod (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 2013, 165 N.H. 42) · State v. MacMillan (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 2005, 152 N.H. 67) · State v. Telles (Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1995, 139 N.H. 344)

Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.

Search our full record of US law — 2.1 million sections, every state + federal

Sources and References

  1. N.H. RSA 570-A:2, I(gc.nh.gov).gov
  2. N.H. RSA 570-A:2, I; 18 U.S.C. § 2511(2)(d)(gc.nh.gov).gov
  3. N.H. RSA 570-A:1(gc.nh.gov).gov
  4. N.H. RSA 570-A:2, I-a(gc.nh.gov).gov
  5. State v. Clark, 2024 N.H. 64, No. 2023-0451 (N.H. Nov. 13, 2024)(courts.nh.gov).gov
  6. State v. Hersom, No. 2023-0352 (N.H. Jan. 24, 2025)(courts.nh.gov).gov
  7. N.H. RSA 570-A:11(gc.nh.gov).gov
  8. Glik v. Cunniffe, 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011)(media.ca1.uscourts.gov).gov
  9. Glik v. Cunniffe, 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011); N.H. Const. pt. I, art. 19(media.ca1.uscourts.gov).gov
  10. Hamberger v. Eastman, 106 N.H. 107 (1964)
  11. N.H. HB 1508, 2026 Reg. Sess.; NHPR reporting Jan. 14, 2026(nhpr.org)
  12. LSR 1242, N.H. General Court(gc.nh.gov).gov
  13. N.H. RSA 570-A:1 (definition of oral communication); N.H. RSA 570-A:2(gc.nh.gov).gov
  14. FCC, In the Matter of Implications of Artificial Intelligence Technologies on Protecting Consumers from Unwanted Robocalls and Robotexts, FCC 24-17 (released Feb. 8, 2024)(docs.fcc.gov).gov
  15. Insurance Marketing Coalition Ltd. v. FCC, 127 F.4th 303 (11th Cir. 2025); FCC DA 25-621 (ministerial order reinstating prior rule, mandate issued Apr. 30, 2025); 47 CFR § 64.1200(f)(9)(docs.fcc.gov).gov
  16. 47 CFR § 64.501 (historical text); Federal Register, Modernizing Common Carrier Rules, 82 Fed. Reg. 48960 (Oct. 20, 2017)(federalregister.gov).gov
  17. DOJ Justice Manual § 9-7.302; A.G. Memorandum of May 30, 2002(justice.gov).gov
  18. Stericycle, Inc. and Teamsters Local 628, 372 NLRB No. 113 (Aug. 2, 2023)(nlrb.gov).gov
  19. NLRB GC Memo 25-07 (June 26, 2025)(nlrb.gov).gov
  20. CFPB, Regulation F, 12 CFR § 1006.100(b) -- Record Retention (Telephone Calls)(consumerfinance.gov).gov
  21. HHS OCR, Guidance on HIPAA Rules and Audio-Only Telehealth (2022); 45 CFR §§ 164.508, 164.530(hhs.gov).gov
  22. FERPA, 20 U.S.C. § 1232g; 34 CFR §§ 99.3, 99.30; USDOE Student Privacy Policy Office, FAQs on Photos and Videos under FERPA(studentprivacy.ed.gov).gov
  23. gc.nh.gov.gov
  24. gc.nh.gov.gov
  25. gc.nh.gov.gov
  26. gc.nh.gov.gov
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